Criticità e sfide nella lotta al terrorismo e alla radicalizzazione in Europa

di Valeria Rosato

L’obiettivo del presente lavoro è analizzare le politiche di contrasto al terrorismo e all’estremismo violento in Europa. Partendo da una presentazione dello stato dell’arte delle politiche attuate in alcuni paesi europei, il lavoro evidenzia i loro principali punti di debolezza e criticità al fine di contribuire allo sviluppo di politiche future. L’analisi si concentra sulle politiche attuate, a oggi, da tre Stati membri dell’Unione Europea: Belgio, Francia e Spagna.

Abstract

Policies to counter terrorism and radicalization in Europe have undergone many changes in recent years depending on the evolution of the threat, in particular that of jihadist extremism. The European legislative framework of the last fifteen years has provided for measures of prevention and fight against terrorism on two distinct fronts: repressive and preventive. The EU has promoted numerous initiatives to better understand the root causes of terrorism and has identified radicalization as the main focus in the fight against terrorism.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the ‘state of the art’ of existing policies in some EU Member States in order to understand whether the efforts made so far by the EU to improve and standardise its Counter Terrorism (CT) policies, and in particular those of Counter Violent Extremism (CVE), have yielded positive results. The analysis of three case studies, Belgium, France and Spain, showed that in some European countries there are still considerable challenges and critical issues, especially in the implementation of policies to counter radicalization.

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